Selasa, 15 November 2011

Softskill - peranan koperasi terhadap perekonomian indonesia


Peranan Koperasi Terhadap Perekonomian Indonesia
Usaha kecil, Menengah dan Koperasi (UKMK) merupakan kelompok usaha ekonomi yang penting dalam perekonomian indonesia. Hal ini disebabkan, usaha kecil menengah dan koperasi merupakan sektor usaha yang memiliki jumlah terbesar dengan daya serap angkatan kerja yang signifikan. Oleh karena kesenjangan pendapatan yang cukup besar masih terjadi antara pengusaha besar dengan usaha kecil, menengah dan koperasi (UKMK), pengembangan daya saing UKMK, secara langsung merupakan upaya dalam rangka peningkatan kesejahteraan rakyat banyak, sekaligus mempersempit kesenjangan ekonomi.
Berdasarkan data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), jumlah pengusaha besar hanya 0,2% sedangkan Pengusaha Kecil, menegah dan koperasi mencapai 99,8%. Ini berarti jumlah usaha kecil, menegah dan koperasi mencapai hampir 500 kali lipat dari jumlah usaha besar. Persoalannya kontribusi UKMK terhadap PDRB, hanya 39,8%, sedangkan usaha besar mencapai 60,2%.
Terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, usaha kecil, menengah dan koperasi hanya memberikan kontribusi sebesar 16,4% sedangkan usaha besar 83,6%. Berdasarkan penguasaan pangsa pasar, usaha kecil, menengah dan koperasi hanya menguasai pangsa pasar sebesar 20% (80% oleh usaha besar). Hal tersebut menunjukkan dua sekaligus, yaitu super kuatnya sektor usaha besar dan teramat lemahnya sektor UKMK. Keberadaan UKMK sebagai tulang punggung perekonomian kota menjadi perhatian khusus.
PERMASALAHAN
Jumlah koperasi dan usaha kecil menengah yang semakin besar dari tahun ke tahun, belum sepenuhnya diimbangi dengan peningkatan kualitas UKMK yang memadai, khususnya skala usaha mikro. Masalah yang masih dihadapi adalah rendahnya kualitas sumber daya manusia, yang memberikan dampak negatif terhadap produktifitas UKMK, sehingga menimbulkan kesenjangan yang sangat lebar antar pelaku usaha kecil, menengah, koperasi dan besar. Masalah utama yang timbul dari usaha kecil, menengah dan koperasi secara umum berkaitan dengan;
Rendahnya kualitas sumber daya manusia dan jiwa wirausaha UKMK. Pelaku Usaha Kecil, Menengah dan Koperasi (UKMK) di kota medan pada umumnya memiliki kualitas sumber daya manusia yang terbatas tingkat pendidikannya. Tenaga kerja di UKMK didominasi oleh tenaga kerja yang berpendidikan rendah. Dalam bidang manajemen keuangan, UKMK yang telah memiliki laporan keuangan hanya sebesar 28,81% sedangkan selebihnya sebanyak 71,19% belum memiliki laporan keuangan.
Rendahnya pemanfaatan teknologi. Umumnya UKMK masih menggunakan peralatan manual ataupun teknologi yang masih sederhana, akhirnya menyebabkan produk yang dihasilkan UKMK kurang berkualitas.
Pemasaran. Jumlah UKMK yang pemasarannya berorientasi ekspor sebesar 0,18%, sedangkan UKMK dengan pemasaran regional sebesar 1,2% dan untuk pemasaran berorientasi lokal sebesar 97,85%.
Permodalan. Dalam bidang permodalan, UKMK yang mengalami kesulitan permodalan sebanyak 51,37%. Kondisi ini mencerminkan masih diperlukannya dukungan perkuatan permodalan bagi UKMK.
Kelembagaan. Dari jumlah UKMK yang ada di kota medan sebanyak 40.958 unit dan koperasi sebanyak 1.420 unit, umumnya kelembagaannya belum tertata secara maksimal.

Jumat, 07 Oktober 2011

Softskill - KOPERASI


Istilah Koperasi sudah dipopulerkan sejak zaman pra kemerdekaan di Indonesia, bahkan telah dicantumkan secara gamblang dalam penjelasan pasal 33 UUD 1945, meskipun begitu pemahamannya secara jernih tidak begitu mudah. Untuk menjernihkan perumusan istilah Koperasi, maka menurut Ramudi Ariffin (1997:18), dapat didekatkan melalui tiga pendekatan, sebagai berikut:
1. Definisi legal, yaitu rumusan pengertian Koperasi yang tercantum dalam Undang-Undang. Dalam hal ini hanya negara-negara yang mempunyai Undang-Undang perKoperasian saja yang memakai definisi legal. Karena Undang-Undang dirumuskan sesuai dengan kondisi masing-masing negara, maka definisi legal ini cenderung berbeda-beda.
2. Definisi esensial, yaitu pengertian tentang Koperasi menurut esensinya sebagai wadah kerjasama. Mengenai pengertian esensinya ini pada umumnya tidak terdapat perbedaan karena lebih menekankan pada esensi kerjasamanya. Sedangkan dalam pembahasan ini kerjasama disini adalah Koperasi sebagai ekonomi antar individu.
3. Definisi nominal, yaitu pengertian Koperasi yang dirumuskan untuk kepentingan analisis, untuk membedakan dari badan usaha lain non-Koperasi.
Indonesia salahsatu negara yang mempunyai Undang-Undang perkoperasian, yaitu UU Kop. No. 25/1992, Pasal 1, menyebutkan :
“ Koperasi adalah salah satu badan usaha yang beranggotakan orang-seorang atau badan hukum Koperasi dengan melandaskan
kegiatannya berdasarkan prinsip Koperasi sekaligus sebagai gerakan ekonomi rakyat yang berdasarkan atas azas kekeluargaan.”
Istilah “Organisasi Koperasi” mulai dikenal dilingkungan ekonomi dan sosiologi. Berdasarkan hal itu maka menurut Hans H. Muenkner pengertian organisasi Koperasi dapat dibedakan dalam arti ekonomi dan arti sosiologi, sebagai berikut:
1. Dalam arti ekonomi
Koperasi adalah organisasi ekonomi yang anggotanya memiliki sekurang-kurangnya satu kepentingan ekonomi yang sama, bermotivasi swadaya dalam perusahaan yang dibiayai dan diawasi bersama dengan sasaran meningkatkan kemajuan perusahaan rumah tangga anggota (promosi anggota). (1989:39-40, diringkas).
2. Dalam arti sosiologi
Organisasi Koperasi adalah perkumpulan orang yang sepakat bekerjasama selama satu periode tertentu atas dasar persamaan dan dibawah suatu kepemimpinan yang diawasi secara demokratis, untuk mengatasi kesulitan-kesulitan ekonomi bersama. 

Sumber :  http://dansite.wordpress.com/2009/03/24/pengertian-dan-ciri-umum-koperasi/

Sabtu, 14 Mei 2011

Softskill - RHYMES

 I find you cooled night and scorching sun,
    I find you alone and in crowds anywhere,
    I always look for you.
 
 splashing rain meant that the
    I have to say love you
    The first time, that I love you & love you

softskill - crime

Crimes
Bekasi, Warta Kota
AN armed robber pistol Slamet Gunanto bamboozle (28), Head of the Road Minimarket Alfamart Narogong, Bojongmenteng, Rawalumbu, Bekasi, on Wednesday (12/01) afternoon. After binding the feet and hands and mouth covered with duct tape Slamet, he carried off the money of Rp 10 million more.
The robbery happened at about 11:50. It was in the mini market located opposite the Village Office Bojongmenteng that there are three persons, namely Slamet, salesman Heri Setiyoko (21), and cashier Sri Hand (21).
The robber came alone and competed as staff from headquarters Alfamart who want to control the inventory and check the safe.
Locals had seen the man came riding a Yamaha motorcycle Jupiter red. Before entering, he sat around for a long time on the terrace beside the mini photocopy kiosk.
When the guard reprimanded photocopying, beige berkemeja man was admitted to wait colleagues of Cileungsi. At this stall she bought a blue marker.
"When he came in, I was there near the shelves of milk. He asked, who the officials, who heads his shop. I said to Sri who is on the counter for him just a meet," said Heri Setiyoko, Thursday (2 / 12).
Toward the Supreme, the man asked the shop code, store type, and request made print out a list of stocks of goods on the shelf numbers 7, 33, 34, and 35. "Sri came to ask him, why his right cheek wearing bandages and plaster, he said boil," said Heri.
When Sri prepares equipment to print the inventory report, "the center" was again asking the presence of head shops. He tried to go up to the 2nd floor to see Slamet Gunanto, but prevented by Heri subtle way.
"After that I do not know in the back doing, we knew the person to rise (to the 2nd floor)," said Heri.
Not long ago, he was down and straight out. "Ma'am, while yes, willing to take the letter task," he told Sri, as quoted by Heri.
However, it turns out "the center" that step on the gas using a bike in the direction Cileungsi
Shortly thereafter, Slamet Gunanto down from the 2nd floor. He admitted that he mugged by a gun and forced open the safe. In fact, he himself-under gunpoint, which include money USD $ 10.2 million from safes to the robber's bag.
"He's my hold-up man wearing a firearm." Then my mouth shut and my feet and hands bound with black duct tape. He brought his own black duct tape, "said Slamet.
East Bekasi Kapolsektro Darmayana PPA said it had asked for details of victims and witnesses. According to him, it is possible there is involvement in the robbery case.


softskill - love

LOVE
My first girlfriend, namely when I was in junior high school level class exactly 2. At that moment I was attracted to a woman named Rahmawati, even then he was also a class with me. Either know why my bias might be interested in him its a very beautiful face in my opinion. When when I express love to him, I say love the first time, exactly inthe classroom when the students - his other students had gone home, I was veryheavy and reveals once said that I was right - really happy with him, after 10 minutes of me talking - chat with him finally I express my true feelings to him, and he waseventually also accept me to be her lover, feeling happy and excited even becomeone. And I also do not think he wants to be my girlfriend. But unfortunately after 1month later I was dating dating Rahmawati should end our relationship, because thenature of that first I was too jealous with him which resulted in my breaking up withhim. But I am happy to have my first girlfriend with him​​, so my first love story.

Rabu, 11 Mei 2011

Softskill FAMILY

Dated 2 May 1992, I was born in Jakarta, precisely at the MMC hospital. Since my toddler was in spoiled by my parents because my last child of 3 brothers. After I got was 9 years old my nature to be a little stubborn sometimes make my friends around to be uncomfortable, but according to both parents. Since I was growing up my personality traits become a little quiet. In my family the best match with me was my mother, because she at least understands my nature. While I was with my dad, and my brothers were not so close, rarely even say hello or talk to them, since I began to mature, because their nature is much that I do not like. A few stories from my family who has experience today.

Selasa, 10 Mei 2011

Tugas Softskill II

CAUSATIVE VERB “HAVE”

Causative “have” is followed by the simple form of a verb, not an infinitive. (causative “have” diikuti oleh verb 1 (tanpa tambahan s/-es), bukan diikuti oleh infinitif (to+verb1)).
Examples:
-          I had John repair my bike. (CORRECT)
-          I had John to repair my bike. (INCORRECT,because it is followed by an infinitive)
è Kalimat ke 2 salah karena diikuti oleh infinitif (to+verb1)
► “Have” gives the idea that “X” request “Y” to do something. ( “Have” menunjukkan bahwa “X” meminta “Y” untuk melakukan sesuatu.)
è The formula is: “X” has/have/had “Y” do something (simple form) (rumusnya adalah “X” has/have/had “Y” melakukakn sesuatu (verb dalam bentuk sederhana(verb1 tanpa tambahan s/-es)).
Examples:        - Mary has John carry her bag.
Means(artinya): John carried the bag because Mary ask him to. ( John membawa tas karena Mary menyuruhnya).
                        -I have Jane put my books
Means: Jane put my books because I ask her to.
-          Tom had Jane clean the room yesterday
è Using “had” because the adverb of time is yesterday. But still the verb is in simple form.


HAVE SOME THING DONE
(HAVE +Past Participle (Verb3)

The past participle(verb 3) is used after “have’ to give a passive meaning.
Examples:        - I had my watch repaired (by someone) yesterday.
Means: I caused my watch to be repaired by someone. (saya menyuruh orang lain untuk memperbaiki jam tangan saya kemarin).
            -I have my hair cuà means: I asked someone to cut my hair. (saya menyuruh seseorang untuk mencukur rambut saya)
            - I am having my car washed at the moment à means: I am asking someone to wash my car at the moment. (pada saat ini saya SEDANG menyuruh seseorang mencuci mobil saya.)
You have to know the different between Have something done and present Perfect/ past perfect form.
HAVE SOMETHING DONE:  I have my hair cut à means: I ask someone to cut my hair.
PRESENT PERFECT(S+HAVE/HAS+V3): I have cut my hair àmeans: you cut your own hair.

PATTERNS for HAVE SOMETHING DONE:
·         S + HAVE/HAS + OBJECT + VERB 3
·         S + HAD + OBJECT +VERB3 +PAST TIME
·         S + TOBE (IS/AM/ARE) + HAVING +OBJECT + VERB3 + NOW/RIGHT NOW/ AT THE MOMENT.
CONCLUSION:
-          Use active sentence for causative “have” (using simple form of a verb) and passive sentence for have something done (using verb 3).
-          For causative “have” à after subject you have to use the right form of “have” whether it is “have or has or had” then the object is people (someone), after that,you have to use a simple form of a verb (verb 1 without s/-es) in any kind of adverb of time (present time or past time still use simple form of a verb), you just choose the right form of “have” à“have or has” for present time, “had “ for past time.
-          For have something done just follow the pattern.

EXERCISES:
Fill in the blanks with the right form of causative have, and choose the right form of verb given in the brakets. (isilah dengan bentuk causative have yang benar, dan pilih salah satu bentuk verb yang benar yang diberikan di dalam kurung)

1.      We had  our treasury Bought  our new books yesterday. (buy / buys / bought / to buy)
2.      She has  her mom cooked dinner for her. (cook / cooks / cooked / to cook )
3.      He had his brother done  his homework last night (do / does / did / done)
4.      Tom is having Bill written  the report at the moment. (write / writes / writing / written)
5.      Mike has  Jenni saved  his data. (save / saving / saves / saved)
6.      Bob has his packages delivered by the postman. ( deliver / delivers / delivered / delivery)
7.      Eddy had_his data changed by his secretary last week. (change / changes / changed / changing)
8.      Marie is having her house painted by the workmen at the moment. ( paint / painting / painted / paints)
9.      Jonny has his car parked by the parking man. (park / parks / parking / parked)
10.  They are having their maid cleaned their room right now. (clean / cleaned / cleans / cleaning)


THE END OF THE TEST

Jumat, 18 Maret 2011

Adverb Clauses

Adverb Clauses

An adverb clause is a dependent clause which takes the place of an adverb in another clause or phrase. An adverb clause answers questions such as "when?", "where?", "why?", "with what goal/result?", and "under what conditions?".
Note how an adverb clause can replace an adverb in the following example:


adverb
The premier gave a speech here.


adverb clause
The premier gave a speech where the workers were striking.
Usually, a subordinating conjunction like "because," "when(ever)," "where(ever)," "since," "after," and "so that," will introduce an adverb clause. Note that a dependent adverb clause can neverstand alone as a complete sentence:


independent clause
they left the locker room


dependent adverb clause
after they left the locker room
The first example can easily stand alone as a sentence, but the second cannot -- the reader will ask what happened "after they left the locker room". Here are some more examples of adverb clauses expressing the relationships of cause, effect, space, time, and condition:


cause
Hamlet wanted to kill his uncle because the uncle had murdered Hamlet's father.
The adverb clause answers the question "why?".


effect
Hamlet wanted to kill his uncle so that his father's murder would be avenged.
The adverb clause answers the question "with what goal/result?".


time
After Hamlet's uncle Claudius married Hamlet's mother, Hamlet wanted to kill him.
The adverb clause answers the question "when?". Note the change in word order -- an adverb clause can often appear either before or after the main part of the sentence.


place
Where the whole Danish court was assembled, Hamlet ordered a play in an attempt to prove his uncle's guilt.
The adverb clause answers the question "where?".


condition
If the British co-operate, the Europeans may achieve monetary union.
The adverb clause answers the question "under what conditions?"


Jumat, 04 Maret 2011

ARTICLE LIONEL MESSI


Lionel Messi

Lionel Andrés "Leo" Messi (Spanish pronunciation: [ljoˈnel anˈdɾes ˈmesi]; born 24 June 1987) is an Argentine footballer who currently plays for FC Barcelona and the Argentina national team as a forward or winger. He also holds Spanish citizenship, which makes him eligible as a EU player. Considered one of the best football players of his generation and frequently cited as the world's best contemporary player,Messi received several Ballon d'Or and FIFA World Player of the Year nominations by the age of 21 and won both by the age of 22. He also won the 2010 FIFA Ballon d'Or at the age of 23.His playing style and ability have drawn comparisons to Diego Maradona, who himself declared Messi his "successor".
Messi began playing football at a young age and his potential was quickly identified by Barcelona. He left Rosario-based Newell's Old Boys's youth team in 2000 and moved with his family to Europe, as Barcelona offered treatment for his growth hormone deficiency. Making his debut in the 2004–05 season, he broke his team record for the youngest footballer to score a league goal. Major honours soon followed as Barcelona won La Liga in Messi's debut season, and won a double of the league and Champions League in 2006. His breakthrough season was in the 2006–07 season; he became a first team regular, scoring a hat-trick in El Clásico and finishing with 14 goals in 26 league games. Messi then had the most successful season of his playing career, the 2008–09 season, in which he scored 38 goals to play an integral part in a treble-winning campaign. This record breaking season was then eclipsed in the following 2009–10 campaign, where Messi scored 47 goals in all competitions, equalling Ronaldo's record total for Barcelona.
Messi was the top scorer of the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship with six goals, including two in the final game. Shortly thereafter, he became an established member of Argentina's senior international team. In 2006, he became the youngest Argentine to play in theFIFA World Cup and he won a runners-up medal at the Copa América tournament the following year. In 2008, in Beijing, he won his first international honour, an Olympic gold medal, with the Argentina Olympic football team.

Awards and honours


Club

Barcelona
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Argentina

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Individual

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Lionel Messi
Messi Barcelona - Valladolid (cropped).jpg
Personal information
Full nameLionel Andrés Messi[1][2]
Date of birth24 June 1987 (age 23)
Place of birthRosarioArgentina
Height1.69 m (5 ft 7 in)[1]
Playing positionForward
Club information
Current clubBarcelona
Number10
Youth career
1995–2000Newell's Old Boys
2000–2004Barcelona
Senior career*
YearsTeamApps(Gls)
2004–2005Barcelona B22(6)
2004–Barcelona167(115)
National team
2005Argentina U207(6)
2008Argentina U235(2)
2005–Argentina54(16)
Sumber : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Messi